The origins of the Ayrshire breed can be traced back to cattle that developed in the Ayr region of Scotland as far back as the 1600's. Formerly known as the Cunningham, then the Dunlop, by the 1780's the Ayrshire was recognised as its own distinct breed. It is thought that native cattle were cross-bred with European and Channel Island exports, however the impact of their influence is unclear.
Today, this breed is distributed throughout Russia, North America, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, parts of Europe and South America.
Ayrshires are considered to be medium sized cattle and by maturity, they will generally weigh around 1200 pounds. They are ideally suited to a range of management styles on dairy farms. Certainly, their adaptability stems from having to endure harsh climates in the country of their origin.
Their ability to perform as a quality dairy cattle stems from their low somatic cell count, impressive fat/protein ratio, superior udder quality, and their efficient conversion of grass into milk. For many years, the milk from this breed has contributed to the production of butter and cheese. Easy calving is also characteristic of this breed. They are used in cross-breeding to improve hardiness and fertility.
Aryshires are typically red and white, however the red may appear in a range of different shades. Varying colour patterns are also acceptable, ranging from speckled patterns to distinct spots. Although horns have been an important part of this breed's legacy, in recent years, the dehorning of calves is commonplace.
Aryshire cattle first arrived in Australia in 1848 and in 1891, the Ayrshire Herd Book Society of Australia was founded. Early development in this country can be attributed to James Wilson of Berwick. The Australian Ayrshire Breeders' Association was established in 1977 and continues to update the herd book and provide information about the breed to the public.
